Yes, if any part of the statement is in a language other than English or Welsh — including the transaction descriptions. UKVI requires a certified translation of every foreign-language document you submit, and bank statements are no exception.
Which statements you need depends on the route; the translation rule doesn't change.
For a spouse or partner visa, the sponsor's income has to meet the £29,000 financial requirement (the threshold since 11 April 2024). Salaried sponsors usually evidence it with payslips and bank statements covering the same period, six months under Category A and twelve under Category B, and the statements need to show each salary payment arriving. If you're relying on cash savings instead, the statements must show the money held for at least six months.
For a student visa, maintenance funds must be held for 28 consecutive days, and the statement's end date must fall within 31 days of the date you apply. Funds can sit in a parent's account, but then you'll also need their consent letter and proof of the relationship, usually a birth certificate translation if the certificate isn't in English. Skilled Worker applicants whose sponsor doesn't certify maintenance face the same 28-day rule.
One trap catches a lot of people: statements exported with English column headings but transaction descriptions in the local script. That isn't an English statement, however bilingual it looks at first glance, and UKVI treats it as foreign-language. Our blog post on bank statement translation for UK visas walks through it in detail.